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1 Geophysical Laboratory, 5251 Broad Branch Road N.W., Washington, D.C. 20015, U.S.A.
2 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, U.S.A.
Correspondence: * E-mail: popp{at}geo.tamu.edu
The substitution mechanisms of Fe and Ti have been determined in phlogopite megacrysts from an ultramafic lamprophyre dyke from the Okenyenya igneous complex, northwestern Namibia. Mica separates were heat-treated from 800 to 900 °C, 1 atm to 10 kbar, and fH2 from that of the IQF solid-state buffer to that of air. Iron oxidation states and H2O contents of the run products were determined using 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and a vacuum fusion, U-furnace manometry system, respectively.
The least-squares fit between the univalent anion content (OH + F) and molar Fe3+ atoms per formula unit (apfu) has a negative slope with a high correlation coefficient and, at the 95% confidence level, is consistent with the Fe-oxy reaction,
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By adding O2– to the univalent anion content in 2:1 molar proportions to the Ti, the total anion content in the OH site of the natural phlogopite is, at the 95% confidence level, close to the theoretical value of 4.0 (O = 24 apfu) for the mica structure. It is proposed that the total H deficiency in the natural phlogopite can be explained by both Fe- and Ti-oxy substitution mechanisms. Principal Components Analysis carried out on exchange components for the experimentally treated phlogopite confirms the operation of the oxy-substitution mechanisms.
Both oxy-substitutions dominate in the compositions of natural igneous micas from a variety of tectonic environments. The dehydrogenation of Fe oxy-components in micas from silicic lavas may be a source of water that can be liberated into crustal melts and play an important role in the mechanism for initiating volcanic eruptions.
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